Test Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

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Domanda 1 of 30

1. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Which of the following statements is false?

Certain hormones and enzymes are proteins.
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To maintain good health, individuals with celiac disease should follow a gluten-free diet
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Red meat is the only source of high-quality protein.
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Domanda 2 of 30

2. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Which of these proteins helps maintain the correct distribution of fluids in the blood and tissues of the body?

Keratin
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Albumin
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Collagen
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Domanda 3 of 30

3. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

To function properly, blood and tissue fluids must maintain a pH between

7.35 and 7.45.
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6.25 and 6.35.
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5.45 and 5.55.
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Domanda 4 of 30

4. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

During starvation the level of protein in the blood decreases and, as a result, some water escapes from the bloodstream and enters the spaces between the cells. The resulting accumulation of fluid in the tissues is called

Amyloid
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Lipoma
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Edema
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Domanda 5 of 30

5. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Which of these amino acids is essential?

Aspartic acid
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Lysine
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Glutamic acid
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Domanda 6 of 30

6. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Which of the following statements is true?

Several non-essential amino acids are conditionally essential, which means they become essential under certain conditions.
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A healthy human body can make 11 of the 20 amino acids that are in proteins. These compounds are the essential amino acids.
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Amino acids that food provide us with are non-essential amino acids.
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Domanda 7 of 30

7. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

“In cells, controls the assembly of amino acids into proteins.”

Insuline
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DNA
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Food
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Domanda 8 of 30

8. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

The secondary structure of the protein refers:

to the linear chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
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to the structure of protein that is comprised of two or more polypeptide chains arranged together in a unique manner.
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to the coiling of a polypeptide chain.
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Domanda 9 of 30

9. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Which of the following statements is false?

A low-quality or incomplete protein is missing or contains inadequate amounts of one or more of the essential amino acids.
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Essential amino acids that are in relatively low amounts are referred to as limiting amino acids, because they reduce the protein’s ability to support tissue growth, repair, and maintenance.
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High-quality proteins are not well digested and absorbed by the body.
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Domanda 10 of 30

10. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Where does protein digestion begin?

Stomach
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Small intestine.
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Liver
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Domanda 11 of 30

11. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

“ is the process of removing nitrogen from an amino acid.”

Deamination
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Denaturation
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Transamination
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Domanda 12 of 30

12. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

What are carbon skeletons ?

Nitrogen-containing wastes produced by muscles.
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Remains of an amino acid following deamination and removal of the nitrogen-containing component of the amino acid.
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Waste product of amino acid metabolism.
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Domanda 13 of 30

13. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Which of the following life stage or physical state is characterized by negative nitrogen balance?

Pregnancy
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Starvation
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Infancy
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Domanda 14 of 30

14. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

People with celiac disease should

take amino acid supplements
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avoid foods that contain gluten.
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limit their protein intake.
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Domanda 15 of 30

15. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Which of the following foods is most likely to cause an allergic reaction?

Corn
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Potato
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Shellfish
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Domanda 16 of 30

16. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Which of the following statements is false?

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and alcohol cannot be used for energy.
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Energy has many forms, including chemical, mechanical, electrical, heat, solar, and nuclear energy.
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The total amount of energy in a system is constant; that is, energy can neither be created nor destroyed.e harmful to health.
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Domanda 17 of 30

17. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Catabolic reactions

are considered “uphill” because they require the input of more energy than is released by the reactions.ones.
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are considered “downhill” because they result in the release of more energy than is used to initiate the reactions.
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include building glycogen from glucose molecules, triglycerides from glycerol and free fatty acids, and proteins from amino acids.
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Domanda 18 of 30

18. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Coenzymes

are a particular group of organic molecules that participate and facilitate enzyme reactions
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are catabolized after undergoing deamination or transamination.
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are compounds that include amino groups in their chemical structures.
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Domanda 19 of 30

19. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

“are the “powerhouses” inside of cells that catabolize macronutrients and transfer the energy released from these molecules to ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)”

Fatty acids
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Coenzymes
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Mitochondria
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Domanda 20 of 30

20. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Glycolysis, the first phase of carbohydrate catabolism, occurs in

the mitochondria.
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the cytoplasm.
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the blood.
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Domanda 21 of 30

21. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Glycogenolysis is

an anaerobic process that results in the conversion of glucose to two pyruvate molecules and a net gain of two ATP molecules.
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the utilization of stored glycogen in the liver and in muscles to supply the glucose needed for short-term energy needs.
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a sequence of chemical reactions that results in the release of CO2, hydrogen ions, and electrons from intermediates of citrate.
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Domanda 22 of 30

22. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

When oxygen is not available in a working muscle cell, pyruvate will be converted to

oxaloacetate
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acetyl CoA.
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lactic acid.
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Domanda 23 of 30

23. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

During the formation of acetyl CoA, pyruvate releases a molecule of CO2 and two hydrogen ions that are picked up by NAD+. This reaction is irreversible: Acetyl CoA cannot be used to re-form pyruvate.

True
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False
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Incomplete
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Domanda 24 of 30

24. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) is

an enzyme in fat cells that removes the three fatty acids from a triglyceride carnitine
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an enzyme in the walls of capillaries, breaks down the triglycerides in the chylomicron into fatty acids and glycerol.
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an active enzyme that begins the enzymatic digestion of proteins.
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Domanda 25 of 30

25. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

In mitochondria, the catabolism of an activated fatty acid begins with a chemical pathway called

ketogenesis.
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beta-oxidation
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ketoacidosis.
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Domanda 26 of 30

26. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Lipogenesis occurs in

the mitochondria.
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the liver.
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the cytoplasm.
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Domanda 27 of 30

27. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Which of the following best describes the most likely fate of excess glucose molecules in the body after a meal?

Intestinal cells use the excess glucose molecules to synthesize ketone bodies.
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Liver cells convert the excess glucose molecules to glycogen.
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The kidneys degrade the excess glucose molecules into urea for elimination in urine
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Domanda 28 of 30

28. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Cortisol

is made by the alpha cells of the pancreas.
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helps the body adapt to different situations by increasing or decreasing the rate of metabolism.
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is a catabolic hormone made in the adrenal cortex of the adrenal glands, which are located on top of the kidneys.
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Domanda 29 of 30

29. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

The cells of an obese person may

become hypermetabolic.
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become insulin resistant.
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increase their synthesis of glucose from fatty acids.
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Domanda 30 of 30

30. Domanda

Categoria: Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8

Alcohol metabolism in the liver can result in all of the following, except

production of Acetaldehyde.
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production of acetyl CoA.
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synthesis of glucose.
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Test Human Nutrition Chapter 7 and 8